Plasticizers and Your Baby
Plasticizers and Your Baby
Written by Dan Murphy, D.C., D.A.B.C.O.
TAC, Research Review , Volume 30, Issue 5
Published:
Baby Care Products: Possible Sources of Infant Phthalate
Exposure
Pediatrics
Official Journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics
Vol. 121, No. 2, February 2008, pp. e260-e268
by Sheela Sathyanarayana, MD, MPH; Catherine J. Karr,
MD, PhD;
Paula Lozano, MD, MPH; Elizabeth Brown, PhD; Antonia M.
Calafat, PhD;
Fan Liu, MS; and Shanna H. Swan, PhD
KEY POINTS FROM DR. DAN MURPHY
1. "Phthalates are man-made chemicals found in personal
care and other products."
2. Phthalates can alter human male reproductive
development.
3. Phthalate exposure is widespread in infants.
4. Infant exposure to lotions, powders, and shampoos is
significantly associated with increased urinary
concentrations of phthalates, and associations increased
with the number of products used.
5. Young infants are more vulnerable to developmental
and reproductive toxicity of phthalates because of their
immature metabolic system capability and because of
increased exposure dosage per unit body surface area.
6. Phthalates are synthetic, man-made chemicals that
have toxic effects to the developing endocrine and
reproductive systems.
7. Phthalates are used in the manufacturing of a wide
variety of industrial and common household products.
8. Phthalate chemicals are found in plastic products
such as children’s toys, lubricants, infant care
products, chemical stabilizers in cosmetics, personal
care products, and polyvinyl chloride tubing.
9. "Phthalates are not chemically bound to these
products and are, therefore, continuously released into
the air or, through leaching, into liquids, leading to
exposure through ingestion, dermal transfer, and
inhalation."
10. "Children are uniquely vulnerable to phthalate
exposures given their hand-to-mouth behaviors, floor
play, and developing nervous and reproductive systems."
11. Phthalates are associated with sperm DNA damage in
male adults and have widespread effects on endocrine and
reproductive systems.
12. Phthalate exposure through breast milk is associated
with abnormal reproductive hormone levels in
three-month-old infants, "suggesting that early human
exposures may have an adverse impact on endocrine
homeostasis."
13. "Phthalates have also been found in food products
and are thought to be contaminants that enter the food
supply during processing and packaging."
14. Mothers’ use of baby lotion was associated with an
80 percent increase in phthalate concentrations.
15. Infant powder use was associated with a 60 percent
increase in infant urine phthalate concentration.
16. Infant shampoo use was associated with a 40 percent
increase in infant urine phthalate concentration.
17. Mothers’ use of infant lotion, infant powder, and
shampoo was significantly associated with higher
phthalate metabolite urinary concentrations.
18. This study shows that dermal exposure is an
important route of exposure for some phthalates,
particularly for young infants.
19. Phthalate exposures come from multiple sources,
including plastics, personal care products, and
household products, and multiple exposure routes may be
involved.
20. Oral ingestion of phthalates occurs through food,
medicines, and indirect dust ingestion.
21. Infants are exposed to phthalates through oral
ingestion of breast milk/formula, and dermal exposure to
specific infant care products.
22. "In the United States, there is no requirement that
products be labeled as to their phthalate content.
Parents may not be able to make informed choices until
manufacturers are required to list phthalate contents of
products."
23. These authors "recommend limiting amount of infant
care products used and not applying lotions or powders
unless indicated for a medical reason."
24. "Phthalate toxicity is of increasing importance in
the scientific and public community."
Dr. Dan Murphy graduated magna cum laude from Western
States Chiropractic College in 1978. He received
Diplomat status in Chiropractic Orthopedics in 1986.
Since 1982, Dr. Murphy has served part-time as
undergraduate faculty at Life Chiropractic College West,
currently teaching classes to seniors in the management
of spinal disorders. He has taught more than 2000
postgraduate continuing education seminars. Dr. Murphy
is a contributing author to both editions of the book
Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries and to the book
Pediatric Chiropractic.